Pre-Manufacturing – 3D primary structural systems.
Full volumetric 3D units like modular rooms or entire pods built in factories and assembled on-site.
Pre-Manufacturing – 2D primary structural systems.
Flat panels like walls and roofs manufactured off-site and erected on-site.
Pre-Manufacturing – non-systemised structural components.
Pre-manufactured individual structural elements like beams, floor cassettes, or roof cassettes.
Pre-Manufacturing – additive manufacturing.
3D printing technologies used to create structural or non-structural components.
Pre-Manufacturing – non-structural assemblies and sub-assemblies.
Factory-made pre-plumbed bathrooms, service risers, or packaged mechanical and electrical assemblies.
Traditional building product-led site labour reduction and productivity improvements.
Traditional methods upgraded with advanced, high-performance materials to cut down on-site labour.
Site process led labour reduction/productivity improvements.
Innovative on-site workflows, digital tools, and logistics management (including workface factories).
